This page provides additional material related to the paper A language-independent method for the extraction of RDF verbalization templates which was published at INLG2014 - the 8th International Natural Language Generation Conference.

Interesting templates
Data samples
Evaluation Material
Additional Material



Example templates

(Click on images to enlarge)

















Data samples

Results of the sentence collection step (sample)

Results of the sentence and graph abstraction step (sample)

An exemplary list of sentence patterns and example sentences:
  • SP: {M(V1|id)M} is a novel by the Scottish {M(V5|id)M} {M(V6|id)M}, published in {M(V2|integer\_id)M}.}
    Example: Dead Air is a novel by the Scottish writer Iain Banks, published in 2002.
  • SP: {M(V1|id)M} ({M(V3|integer\_id)M} February 1900 - {M(V5|id)M}) was a French poet and {M(V8|id)M}.}
    Example: Jacques Prévert (4 February 1900 - 11 April 1977) was a French poet and screenwriter.
  • SP: {M(V1|id)M} (born {M(V3|id)M}; {M(V2|id)M}) is an American {M(V7|id)M} {M(V6|id)M} and actor.
    Example: Meat Loaf (born Marvin Lee Aday; September 27, 1947) is an American hard rock musician and actor.
  • SP: The population of {M(V1|id)M} {M(V4|id)M} was {M(V2|integer_id)M} in {M(V3|integer_id)M}.
    Example: The population of the Maritime provinces was 1,813,102 in 2011.
  • SP: {M(V1|id)M} is a rock band that originated in {M(V2|id)M}, {M(V6|id)M}.
    Example: Cold Chisel is a rock band that originated in Adelaide, Australia.
  • SP: {M(V1|id)M} is a {M(V3|id)M} and the {M(V11|id)M} of {M(V2|id)M} {M(V13|id)M}, {M(V8|id)M}, located on the {M(V5|id)M}.
    Example: Krasnoyarsk is a city and the administrative center of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located on the Yenisei River.
  • SP: {M(V2|id)M} is the principal town in the {M(V1|id)M}.
    Example: Bromley is the principal town in the London Borough of Bromley.
  • SP: {M(V1|id)M} is the highest mountain in the {M(V3|id)M}.
    Example: Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in the British Isles.

Results of the grouping step

Evaluation Material

English templates:
  1. P01 (XML, PNG, PDF) - {M(V1|id)M} was an {M(V2|id)M} in the United States.
  2. P02 (XML, PNG, PDF) - {M(V1|id)M} ({M(V2|id)M} – {M(V3|id)M}) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from {M(V4|id)M}.
  3. P03 (XML, PNG, PDF) - {M(V1|id)M} (died {M(V2|integer_id)M}) was an {M(V3|id)M}.
  4. P04 (XML, PNG, PDF) - {M(V1|id)M} is a village in the Dutch {M(V2|id)M} of {M(V3|id)M}.
  5. P05 (XML, PNG, PDF) - {M(V2|id)M} is a single by American {M(V5|id)M} {M(V4|id)M} {M(V3|id)M}.
  6. P06 (XML, PNG, PDF) - The {M(V1|id)M} is located in {M(V4|id)M}, {M(V7|id)M}.
  7. P07 (XML, PNG, PDF) - The {M(V1|id)M} are a {M(V2|id)M} in {M(V8|id)M}.
  8. P08 (XML, PNG, PDF) - {M(V1|id)M} is a mountain located in Coos County, {M(V2|id)M}.
  9. P09 (XML, PNG, PDF) - {M(V1|id)M} is a species of sea snail, a marine {M(V6|id)M} {M(V9|id, +r(k))M} in the family {M(V7|id)M}, the pyrams and their allies.
  10. P10 (XML, PNG, PDF) - {M(V1|id)M} is an {M(V4|id)M} {M(V3|id)M} in the United States.
German templates:
  1. P01 (XML, PNG, PDF) {M(V1|id)M} ist eine {M(V2|id)M} im {M(V4|id)M} im US-Bundesstaat {M(V3|id)M}.
  2. P02 (XML, PNG, PDF) {M(V1|id)M} ist eine politische {M(V2|id)M} im Distrikt {M(V3|id)M} des Kantons Waadt in der {M(V4|id)M}.
  3. P03 (XML, PNG, PDF) {M(V1|id)M} ist ein {M(V2|id)M} aus der Familie der {M(V3|id)M} (Cosmopterigidae).
  4. P04 (XML, PNG, PDF) {M(V1|id)M} ist ein kanadischer Eishockeyspieler, der seit 2009 bei den {M(V2|id)M} in der {M(V3|id)M} unter Vertrag steht.
  5. P05 (XML, PNG, PDF) {M(V1|id)M} liegt in der Gemeinde {M(V4|id)M} (Prószków) im {M(V5|id)M} Opolski (Kreis Oppeln) in der polnischen {M(V3|id)M}.
  6. P06 (XML, PNG, PDF) {M(V1|id)M} war ein italienischer {M(V2|id)M} und Drehbuchautor.
  7. P07 (XML, PNG, PDF) Das {M(V1|id)M} ist eine in den Vereinigten Staaten gelegene römisch-katholische Diözese mit Sitz in {M(V2|id)M}, {M(V3|id)M}.
  8. P08 (XML, PNG, PDF) {M(V1|id)M} ist ein türkischer Fußballspieler in Diensten von {M(V2|id)M}.
  9. P09 (XML, PNG, PDF) {M(V1|id)M} ist eine Gemeinde im oberbayerischen {M(V2|id)M} und Mitglied der gleichnamigen Verwaltungsgemeinschaft.
  10. P10 (XML, PNG, PDF) {M(V1|id)M} ist ein kanadischer Eishockeyspieler, der seit Januar 2013 bei den {M(V2|id)M} in der {M(V3|id)M} unter Vertrag steht.

Additional Material

The data underlying the charts presented in the paper is available for download:

By Basil Ell and Andreas Harth, AIFB, 2014